{"id":44186,"date":"2018-05-07T08:00:03","date_gmt":"2018-05-07T12:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/retrofitmagazine.com\/?p=44186"},"modified":"2022-06-09T10:10:44","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T14:10:44","slug":"restoration-and-renovation-on-the-northern-california-coast-creates-a-showplace-of-building-legacies-and-local-lore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/retrofitmagazine.com\/restoration-and-renovation-on-the-northern-california-coast-creates-a-showplace-of-building-legacies-and-local-lore\/","title":{"rendered":"Restoration and Renovation on the Northern California Coast Creates a Showplace of Building Legacies and Local Lore"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"The
The Carson Block Building project proved to be an opportunity to educate craftspeople about historic preservation, exchange knowledge about construction techniques and discover forgotten local lore.<\/figcaption><\/figure>Large-scale historic preservation and retrofit projects are big enough challenges already, but what happens when the building is located in an isolated area with few supplier options and limited skilled trades? On the bright side, as seen with the recently reborn Carson Block Building in Eureka, Calif., it becomes an opportunity to educate emerging craftspeople about historic preservation, exchange knowledge about time-honored construction techniques and discover forgotten local lore. Even better, it can create a showplace of excellence in design and building, as well as a gleaming new, mixed-use magnet for businesses, visitors and area residents. <\/p>\n

First, some background is in order. Eureka, the seat of Humboldt County and a center of action during the Gold Rush in Northern California (and the more recent boom in legalized marijuana farming), is a big town of about 27,000 on Humboldt Bay and surrounded by great natural beauty. Its iconic Carson Block Building dates to 1892 when redwood lumber baron William Carson commissioned architect Samuel Newsom to create a big, bright-red architectural centerpiece to help transform Eureka into a more cosmopolitan city and serious center for commerce. It included the Ingomar Theater, an 837-seat venue among the most ornate of its day on the West Coast. <\/p>\n

Prominently located in Eureka\u2019s historic downtown, the stunning 3-story structure offers exemplary lessons in 19th-century building methods using redwood timbers, ideal for the original occupant, the Dolbeer and Carson Lumber Company. By 1991, the building had been included as a contributor to the National Register of Historic Places-listed area, the Eureka Old Town Historic District\u2014but not soon enough: In the intervening decades, including some hard times for Humboldt\u2019s county seat, well-meaning building owners had \u201cmodernized\u201d the fa\u00e7ades by stripping away brick archways, decorative carved wood trim and ornate relief panels. The tall, first-floor storefront was almost entirely removed and redesigned and, most notably, the bright-red street-facing fa\u00e7ades were covered over with tan cement plaster. It got modern, or more accurately moderne, to no benefit for the city. Worse yet, in 1958 the Carson Block\u2019s iconic corner turret was removed to make way for a corner-blade sign. <\/p>\n

As experts in preservation and architectural history, the firm Page & Turnbull, which has offices in Los Angeles, Sacramento and San Francisco, saw an opportunity to revive this legendary, 50,000-square-foot masterpiece for the current owner, the Northern California Indian Development Council (NCIDC), a Eureka-based non-profit that specializes in administering grants to Native American tribes in California. <\/p>\n

Revival<\/h4>\n

And that\u2019s what happened: In 2010, a planner from NCIDC called Page & Turnbull asking for a cursory fa\u00e7ade study to see if restoring the exterior would be possible. That work supported the group\u2019s receiving a grant of more than $1 million, called a California Cultural and Historical Endowment. This relatively small study was followed by a historic structure report\u2014often the first step toward a historic-preservation project and a key to lining up funding and historic tax incentives.
\n

\"Skylights
Skylights bring more sun into third-floor corridors and help showcase the woodwork in stairwells.<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\nEventually NCIDC got its startup nut, a Community Development Block Grant, which paired with other funding sources, including a 20 percent Federal Historic Preservation Tax Credit, that covered the majority of the rehabilitation costs. Then, as the project team was inspecting the building and drafting its report\u2014Eureka!\u2014the original 19th-century redwood fa\u00e7ade and stunning Richardsonian Romanesque architectural fabric were found under the layer of cement plaster cladding. <\/p>\n

As a last step, according to Kathie Hamilton-Gentry, the former senior planner with NCIDC, the architecture team reviewed seismic and HVAC design for conformance with the Secretary of the Interior’s \u201cStandards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, Standards for Rehabilitation\u201d, a prerequisite for getting federal historic tax credits. <\/p>\n

Working with Gentry and then-executive director Terry Coltra of NCIDC, Page & Turnbull teamed with executive architect Joe Monteadora, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, of John Sergio Fisher & Associates in San Francisco, a firm working with NCIDC since the 1980s on potentially restoring the Ingomar Theater, which had been closed in 1923 and split into two stories in 1958. Basic problems with the building, however\u2014notably damage from the 2010 Eureka earthquake and a leaky roof\u2014took precedence over the return of the theater, leading to a holistic rehabilitation of the entire building. <\/p>\n

With the general contractor Pacific Builders, Arcata, Calif., the team had the opportunity to revive the storied landmark and bring it to modern seismic and accessibility standards. The first phase of work included adding a new standing-seam metal roof to match the original, which was followed by a campaign of major structural upgrades and the meticulous rehabilitation of the building\u2019s two primary fa\u00e7ades, once meeting at the memorable turreted corner. <\/p>\n

A key to the fa\u00e7ade rehabilitation was rebuilding that southwest-facing turret\u2014with local materials matching the original\u2014and the careful removal of nearly 100-year-old cement plaster concealing hefty slabs of old-growth redwood underneath. Historic-preservation contractors treated the damaged redwood to withstand the harsh marine conditions in Eureka, located a few blocks from Arcata Bay and Humboldt Bay on the Pacific Ocean, not far from California\u2019s westernmost point. Treatment included removing damaged wood, consolidating and patching wood in-kind with locally sourced old-growth redwood. Additionally, building features that had been removed or damaged beyond repair, such as pebble-dash stucco, wood trim pieces, and decorative terra-cotta panels, were replaced. <\/p>\n

Using research and reviving time-honored crafts, the team committed to building the turret and other building elements with original means or with the best possible facsimiles. (As an example, cast stone provided better performance than heavily damaged terra-cotta pieces used in the original.) In addition, Page & Turnbull encouraged reviving the original arched entrances to the Ingomar Theater and a first-floor bank, which had been reconfigured in the 1950s when the theater was removed. Contractors reconstructed the exterior entryway arches using custom brick and cast stone to match the original. The rebuilt arches now serve as storefront, as well as fire-stair egress. Upstairs, the former theater serves as a large meeting and co-working space. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Careful
Careful removal of nearly 100-year-old cement plaster reveals slabs of old-growth Redwood.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hurdles<\/h4>\n

A few critical hurdles threatened the project\u2019s progress. Sourcing appropriate materials to meet the Standards\u2019 definition of \u201cin-kind\u201d or \u201ccompatible\u201d replacement was difficult. For example, it was initially considered infeasible to source replacement glass panels needed for the storefront\u2019s large-format glazing\u2014up to 75 or 80 square feet each. Many large glass supply companies wouldn\u2019t deliver because their trucks were unable to navigate the narrow, winding mountain roads leading to Eureka. Ultimately, the team found a way to fetch the monolithic panels from nearby Santa Rosa, Calif., on smaller trucks, with the inevitable loss of some sheets during transport. The solution was critical to not only the owner group but also for meeting the historic-preservation standards underlying the tax breaks. <\/p>\n

Although Eureka has always had a healthy supply of skilled woodworkers, early on in the project it became clear that the region lacked certain trades that specialized in historic-preservation work. Additionally, few of the contractors had worked on a project that required meeting the Standards. In an unusual instance of project team collaboration, Page & Turnbull led a training effort so the subcontractors not versed in historic-preservation requirements could understand the importance of accurately restoring features to meet the Standards, the key to securing the tax credit and its contribution as a significant source of funding. <\/p>\n

As for the long-lost turret, it had to be totally reconstructed to match early photos and original plans. Carpenters framed the semicircular addition using a full-sized template with local craftsmen reinventing the curved trim and tall wood windows. <\/p>\n

In fact, underlying the renewed Carson Block Building is a massive structural retrofit with a completely reworked framing system. New seismic bracing at the storefront level was a critical addition, but as conceived it would have been visible through the historic (and tall) glass storefront. A redesign moved the bracing back and also added steel bracing within interior spaces, presenting another challenge in keeping the interiors true to their original while incorporating steel framing for earthquake safety. <\/p>\n

Improved Performance<\/h4>\n

The renewed Carson Block Building also restores features that improve its overall performance, including valuable sustainability features inherent to the 1892 original. Restorations and upgrades helped revive its daylighting benefits and interior finishes with skylights above open stairs improved to bring more sun into third-floor corridors and stairwells. New tall, double-hung windows serving ground-level retail spaces were rehabilitated and updated. The building\u2019s original wood slab walls\u2014basically stacked arrays of two-by-fours used in the original design for fire resistance\u2014are now protected by new sheathing for seismic stability with new plaster installed over the sheathing to match the original.
\n

\"The
The redwood is treated so it can withstand the harsh marine conditions in Eureka. Building features that had been removed or damaged beyond repair are replaced.<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\nOther safety standards were met or exceeded while reclaiming the full legacy of Eureka\u2019s vaunted past. Now serving as a mixed-use resource that houses ground-level retail, the headquarters for NCIDC, various office tenants, and a co-working and event space in the former theater, the work showed how we can revive long-lost building traditions to benefit communities and cities with improved centers for commerce, tourism, entertainment and retail. <\/p>\n

Most of all, the project revealed the nature of Humboldt County. This small, cooperative community displayed dedication to civic engagement. Local economic development committees, city leaders, and local historical societies and arts groups all banded together to secure success for their beloved Carson Block Building. The restoration and renovation processes brought passersby together, turning strangers into friends sharing wonderment and awe at their region\u2019s real history.<\/p>\n

Retrofit Team<\/h4>\n

Executive Architect:<\/strong> John Sergio Fisher & Associates<\/a>, San Francisco <\/p>\n

Preservation Architect:<\/strong> Page & Turnbull<\/a>, Los Angeles <\/p>\n

General Contractor:<\/strong> Pacific Builders<\/a>, Arcata, Calif. <\/p>\n

Fa\u00e7ade Restoration:<\/strong> Spectra Co.<\/a>, Pomona, Calif. <\/p>\n

Structural Engineer:<\/strong> CYS Structural Engineers Inc.<\/a>, Sacramento, Calif.<\/p>\n

MEP\/Fire Protections Engineer:<\/strong> GHD Inc.<\/a>, Eureka, Calif. <\/p>\n

Wood Replacement Fabrication:<\/strong> Mad River Woodworks<\/a>, Arcata; Blue Ox<\/a>, Eureka; and WoodLab Designs, Arcata<\/p>\n

Masonry:<\/strong> SJR Masonry & Construction, McKinleyville, Calif., (707) 839-2103 <\/p>\n

Interior Plaster Repair:<\/strong> Peter Santino<\/a>, Eureka, Calif.<\/p>\n

Turret Window Replacement:<\/strong> CJ\u2019s Sash & Door, McKinleyville, (707) 839-3687 <\/p>\n

Materials<\/h4>\n

Wood Replacement:<\/strong> Old-growth local redwood <\/p>\n

Wood Epoxy:<\/strong> 105 Epoxy Resin and 205 Hardener from West System<\/a> <\/p>\n

Wood Adhesive:<\/strong> 5-Minute Epoxy from Devcon<\/p>\n

Terra-cotta Replacement:<\/strong> Cast Stone with Integral Color <\/p>\n

Brick Replacement:<\/strong> Custom and specialty shapes by Pacific Clay<\/a><\/p>\n

Exterior Paint:<\/strong> Oil-based primer and latex topcoat from Sherwin-Williams<\/a><\/p>\n

Standing-seam Metal Roof:<\/strong> Kynar-coated 24-gauge Galvalume from Metal Sales Manufacturing Corp.<\/a><\/p>\n

Photos:<\/strong> Stephen Schafer<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Large-scale historic preservation and retrofit projects are big enough challenges already, but what happens when the building is located in an isolated area with few supplier options and limited skilled trades? On the bright side, as seen with the recently reborn Carson Block Building in Eureka, Calif., it becomes an opportunity to educate emerging craftspeople<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":357,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Restoration and Renovation on the Northern California Coast Creates a Showplace of Building Legacies and Local Lore","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[27720],"tags":[28560,28556,28597,28553,12279,28598,486,1895,28593,28559,28555,488,28595,28554,28594,28557,8518,9433,28558,28596,28552,28561],"ppma_author":[49039],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"\nRestoration and Renovation on the Northern California Coast Creates a Showplace of Building Legacies and Local Lore - 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